Pictorial Modernism
-Beggarstaffs (James Pryde [1866-1941] and William Nicholson [1872-1949]) created the technique of "collaging" by taking letters, words, and images and gluing them to a flat plane to create a one dimensional plane of color.
-Collages were viewed as "drawn with scissors"
-Unfortunately, they brought in very few clients, printed even less, and basically went bankrupt.
Plakastil
-It was a German, flat-color design school
-Lucian Bernhard, the creator of the Priester match advertisement, created the ad after reducing the original image to just two matches and the name Priester
-Bernhard is considered the graphic artist who helped develop poster art as a whole
-Bernhard formula: flat background color; larger, simple image; and product name.
-His work pioneered the simplistic movement
Switzerland and the Sach plakat
- Basel Realism well promoted by Niklaus Stoecklin (1896-1982), Otto Baumberger (1889-1961) and later on Herbert Leupin (1914-1999)
- Their Sachplakate (object posters) were characterized by simple, laconic, and sometimes hyper-realism approach (Meggs Pg 274).
The Poster Goes To War
-Posters hit their importance height in WWI with propaganda posters
-The posters ranged from promoting money drives to smear campaigns against the enemy countries
-There were distinct differences between the poster designs of the Central Powers and the Allied Forces
- The Central Powers' posters still had traces of the Vienna Secession and Plakistil by Bernhard.
- The Allied Forces had more illustrations, using literal rather symbolic imagery to address propaganda objectives (Meggs Pgs 275)
Food For Thought: Was the reason that Allied posters were so different from Central Powers not only the war, but was it also a war of imagery (who made better posters)?
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